Newton's Laws of Motion

Sir Isaac Newton is an established philosopher and mathematician. He was known as one of the greatest minds of the 17th century Scientific Revolution. He discovered in optics, motion and mathematics which made him produce the principles of modern physics. He made 3 laws which are called the Newton's Laws. The first Law is called the Law of Inertia. The second law is called Law of Acceleration and the last law is called the Law of Action/Reaction. The Law of Inertia is when an object remains at rest or stationed, until a force is applied to it. Remember it can be anything such as a leaf, a bottle, a human being, and even the wind. The Law of Acceleration in based on an equation. The equation is F(Force)=M(Mass) x A(Acceleration). This basically means the greater the mass of an object, more force will be needed for it to accelerate. The Law of Action/Reaction is for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. For example, when jumping on a trampoline, the action is pushing down onto the tramp and the reaction is the tramp pushing you back up. The game we played demonstrated Newton's Laws because there were balls bigger and smaller than others. Before we hit the ball, it would be at rest, this relates to Newton's first law. The amount of force we applied for the ball to hit the bigger ball, depended on the size of the ball we threw. This relates to Newton's second Law. When we hit the ball with a smaller ball, the action will be us throwing and hitting it and the reaction will be the big ball going forward as we applied force. This relates to Newton's third law.

Here is a short video of what we did.

Ultimate Frisbee - R7

• Explain the physical activity you participated in.

Today we played Ultimate Frisbee. This game is similar to Turbo Touch but with a Frisbee of course. To score, your team mate pass the frisbee to you in the end zone. You are not allowed to run/walk with the frisbee and walk into the end zone with the frisbee. Intercepts are allowed but if you fail to catch the ball while intercepting, it is still the opponents or your team's ball.

• What level of effort and engagement were you participating at during today’s physical activity? Why? (Grade yourself NA, A or M and refer to marking criteria)

I give my myself a Merit because I worked hard towards my team's goal which was to beat the other team, I showed enjoyment of intent during the game by not being a winer, I asked Jayden to see how to throw the frisbee towards the wind without it blowing away so I could increase my skill for the game, I tried my best while doing this and I motivated and was reliable to my team mates when they did a bad pass.

• What were three factors which influenced your participation? (Choose from the list below, and put a + or - beside the three factors to show whether it positively or negatively influenced your participation).

Environment -, Skill Level +, Previous Experiences +

• Explain HOW these factors affected your participation (with specific examples)

Environment affected my participation in a negative way because it was windy. This caused the frisbee to not go as far as I wanted it to go, by the frisbee doing this and ruined my team's chances to score. Without the frisbee getting to go as far, it made me not want to through it far by closely, which is tricky for me to do due to the way I release it. I am good at long passes though.

Skill Level affected my participation in a positive way because throughout Year 9 & 10 of playing Ultimate Frisbee, I have noticed my strengths and weaknesses and worked on those to become better. By doing this, I was able to show my skill in catching the frisbee for example, or throwing the frisbee.

Previous Experiences affected my participation in a positive way because in Year 10, Ultimate Frisbee was a sport we played all the time. This allowed me to be familiar with the game and play well. Because I was familiar with this game I was able to partake in the game and have fun as I always would do in a game of Ultimate Frisbee.

• How could you increase your (or your peers) participation in this activity in the future?

Something I would do to increase my participation is learn more skills to widen by chances of scoring and having fun. There's always that one person who is good at the sport, and I'm not that person in Ultimate Frisbee, so I would like to improve on skills and become one of these people. To improve my peers participation, I would encourage them to have a go at the game and give them a lot of chances of play to let them be comfortable.

Balance and Stability

In Balance and Stability there are 3 parts. They are called Centre of Gravity (COG), Line of Gravity (LOG) and Base of Support (BOS). For someone to increase their balance and stability in a position or stance, they need to widen their Base of Support, lower their Centre of Gravity and keep their Line of Gravity closer to the middle of their Base of Support. A way to improve your balance and stability is to keep your Centre of Gravity inside your Base of Support. If our COG is on the outside of our BOS, we will lose our accuracy, control and power therefore making us unstable. The task we had to do, as you can see in the google slides is re-create positions or structures and find the COG, LOG, BOS in each position. What I found difficult was keeping everyone safe but at the same time, getting the job done. Above all that I did enjoy that relieved feeling I felt when the structure was done and completed. I also did enjoy the learning that the COG - Centre of Gravity is not always in the middle of our bodies. The task we did today, was get 6 images. 3 of our photos and 3 of athletes that were doing different positions. We had to find where the COG, LOG, and BOS for each photo. 

Musculoskeletal System

In our muscular skeletal system, there are 3 types of muscles. Their names are Cardiac, Skeletal and Smooth muscles. All of these types of muscles have a job, involuntary and voluntary. Involuntary meaning it moves continuously without our control and voluntary meaning the person controls the movement. Cardiac muscles are found in the heart are involuntary. Skeletal muscles are found throughout the skeleton and are voluntary. Smooth muscles are found in our organs (intestines etc) and are involuntary.

The names for when describing a movement in our muscles are called Agonist (meaning it's shortening) and Antagonists (meaning it's lengthening). An example for this is your Biceps Brachii and Triceps Brachii. When you bend your elbow up towards your face, your biceps brachii get shorter which makes it the Agonist and your triceps brachii gets longer which makes it the Antagonist. The movements our bodies do are called flexion, extension, abduction and adduction. An example of when doing a movement while playing a sport is hip flexion. This happens when you kick the ball. Your Gluteus Maximus becomes the Antagonist, and your Iliopsoas becomes the Agonist. This is because when your hip goes forward for the kick, your Gluteus Maximus gets longer and you Iliopsaos gets shorter. To tell if your hip is hip flexion or hip extension, is when your hip or elbow etc goes forward it is a flexion movement. If it goes backwards it is extension.

An activity we did was to draw the muscles and bones we have learnt on a jumpsuit that our team mate wore. On one side will be the bones and the other would be the muscles. Our task was to draw the correct bone and it's name, vice versa for the muscles.

Here are some pictures.

Ki o Rahi - R6

• Explain the physical activity you participated in.

Ki o Rahi is a game that involves a lot of running and tagging. The aim of the game is to score as much as points as the opposing team. There are 2 teams for the game, one team is called Taniwha and the other Kioma. How it works is that there is a big cylinder like target in the middle of 2 circles, one bigger than the other. To score for Taniwha, you must hit the target without getting tagged and to score for Kioma, you must run around touching the Nga Pou then run into a certain runaway and get a try. Here is a video to understand more.

• What level of effort and engagement were you participating at during today’s physical activity? Why? (Grade yourself NA, A or M and refer to marking criteria)

I give myself a Merit because throughout the game I was ready by bringing my gear, I was being actively involved with task, contributing to my team by ripping people's tags when on defence, I reflected on my performance and tried to improve on my participation by getting over the cold wind.

• What were three factors which influenced your participation? (Choose from the list below, and put a + or - beside the three factors to show whether it positively or negatively influenced your participation).

Previous Experiences -, Environment -, Challenge +

• Explain HOW these factors affected your participation (with specific examples)

Previous Experiences affected my participation in a negative way because this was my first time playing. This is because I would normally play regular sports or games such as Volleyball, Basketball or Football. Even though it was my first time playing, I enjoyed it and would play again.

Environment also affected my participation in a negative way because I had brought a short sleeve and shorts that made me cold while playing. This affected me because I was too cold to either run or rip a tag off. I was too busy keeping myself warm than focusing on the game.

Challenge affected my participation in a positive way because it was my first time playing and it was hard to understand the aim of the game in just a click. I say it was a positive because even though it was hard to understand, majority of the time I was accepting the fact that this is a fun game and a challenge from different events can be fun.

• How could you increase your (or your peers) participation in this activity in the future?

Something that I would do to increase my participation is by asking about people who have played the game before, this is to increase my confidence on knowing what to do. This is because if I had done this, seeing it was my first time playing, I wouldn't be so confused. I would be confident and know what to do.

Softball - R5

• Explain the physical activity you participated in.

Softball is a game just like hit and run, but the difference is that there are 3 bases before you can get to home. The purpose is to get to home base before you get touched by the ball. To not get touched by the ball, you either can bat the ball as far as you can within the diamond, or get your team mate to bat the ball himself. There are 3 strikes before you can get out.

• What level of effort and engagement were you participating at during today’s physical activity? Why? (Grade yourself NA, A or M and refer to marking criteria)

I give myself a Merit because throughout the game, I worked hard towards my goal was to get to home 3 times, I showed that I was enjoying the game by wanting to have another bat, I was motivated and reliable towards my team mates, and I supported the development of others by giving them feedback when either it was their turn to pitch, field, or bat.

• What were three factors which influenced your participation? (Choose from the list below, and put a + or - beside the three factors to show whether it positively or negatively influenced your participation).

Environment +, Friends/Classmates +, Skill Level +

• Explain HOW these factors affected your participation (with specific examples)

Environment affected my participation in a positive way because it was a sunny day, therefore gave me a happy mood to play. If it was raining while we played, there wouldn't be happy vibes to play, which would affect my participation.

Friends/Classmates affected my participation in a positive way because my friends were encouraging when playing, which made everyone want to play. Encouragement is a good way to start positive vibes when playing.

Skill Level affected my participation in a positive way because I have played Softball many times before this 1.1A. It was good to know the basics of Softball because I was able to show these skills I've learnt throughout the game.

• How could you increase your (or your peers) participation in this activity in the future?

I way I could increase my peers participation, is by asking them why they're not wanting to play, then try and convince them to play. For example, if Jayden was to feel like not playing, I would ask him why he feels this way, then hopefully try and change it, making him wanting to play.

Benchball - R4

• Explain the physical activity you participated in.

Benchball is a game similar to dodge ball and capture the flag. The aim is to get to the other side without being tagged, but before you are able to run and get safely to the other side, you must successfully pass the ball to another team-mate who is already on the other side, or the safe-zone. There are 3 balls involved, colour bans and cones to mark off each half of the court.

• What level of effort and engagement were you participating at during today’s physical activity? Why? (Grade yourself NA, A or M and refer to marking criteria)

I give myself an Achieved because I did most of the things that are on the marking criteria such as, being organised and prepared (bringing my gear) for Benchball, being actively involved in the task (not sitting out of the game because I didn't wanna play), and attempting to improve my level of performance (getting to the other side of the court).

• What were three factors which influenced your participation? (Choose from the list below, and put a + or - beside the three factors to show whether it positively or negatively influenced your participation).

Fun/Enjoyment +, Previous Experiences +, Well-being -

• Explain HOW these factors affected your participation (with specific examples)

Fun/Enjoyment affected my participation in a positive way because it was an enjoyable way of playing two games at the same time with a twist. An example of Fun/Enjoyment was when I could get tagged, but not wait in jail as if we do in Capture the flag.

Previous Experiences affected my participation in a positive way because I knew the basics for Dodge ball and Capture the Flag. It was even better when the skills that I knew were combined for this one game. An example of showing my skills from Previous Experiences was when I caught the fast throws because of all the other Dodge ball games I've played.

Well-being affected my participation in a negative way because I was a little tired to play. An example of this was when I sitting on the other side, I kept yawning which distracted me from catching the other players. If I went to sleep the night before this would not have been a negative affect on my participation.

• How could you increase your (or your peers) participation in this activity in the future?

I could increase my participation by sleeping early the night before a 1.1PA. This could make my well-being active and not so tired so that I can play more. I could also increase my peers participation by asking if they are okay, giving them a little encouragement to play more. This will affect both me and my classmates participation in a positive way.